1 Introduction
Currently, there are numerous products available for residential electricity metering. In recent years, the adoption of IC card meters and power line carrier collection has dominated due to their significant investments. However, these solutions do not yield substantial energy-saving effects or enhance corporate economic benefits. Consequently, they have not been widely embraced by the power supply industry.
Prepaid IC card meters address the issue of electricity bill recovery in a single dimension. Despite the considerable investment required, these systems pose numerous risks, necessitate extensive maintenance, and demand constant supervision by designated personnel. Since they lack monitoring capabilities for user electricity consumption, they remain vulnerable to theft and other forms of electricity misuse. Decryption or other fraudulent activities are often hard to detect, leading to frequent disputes with users. Many regions have even imposed restrictions on their usage.
Low-voltage carrier centralized meter reading systems offer distinct advantages. By leveraging the existing power line infrastructure as a communication medium, these systems enable automated computerized meter readings. This approach not only reduces labor and operational costs but also ensures secure and stable data transmission. Additionally, it minimizes the need for replacing old meters by simply adding a small sensor, which significantly cuts down on replacement expenses. However, the system's limitations include susceptibility to periodic and continuous interference on the power grid, which can disrupt data transmission stability. Although technologies like evasive interference and relay methods improve copying success rates, the fundamental reliance on telephone line plus carrier communication fails to accommodate diverse domestic power grid structures. Real-time data collection remains challenging, with incomplete daily data collection being a persistent issue. Furthermore, the low communication speed and non-constant connectivity hinder online monitoring and automatic alarm features, severely limiting practical applications and affecting the product’s cost-effectiveness.
GPRS (General Packet Radio Service), a new packet-based data transmission service built on the existing GSM network, represents an innovative solution. Using packet-switching technology, it enables multiple users to share fixed channel resources efficiently. GPRS excels at handling intermittent, bursty, or frequent small data transmissions while also supporting occasional large data transfers. Compared to traditional wired telephones, GPRS offers secure, reliable communication channels, higher speeds, lower costs, and broad accessibility. Its point-to-multipoint connectionless network service is particularly advantageous for meter reading projects.
2 System Structure and Overall Design
The core system comprises a meter reading station, data concentrators, meter controllers, parameter setters, and management software. As depicted in Figure 1, the overall architecture connects multiple subsystems, including user management, measurement asset and business management, power distribution equipment and safety management, electricity fee management, power monitoring, meter reading and control management, and centralized management for large users. These subsystems interact seamlessly to create a comprehensive power management system.
The meter reading terminal's intelligent power system software is developed using Windows 2000/XP as the OS platform, VB as the programming language, and SQL Server as the database. The software supports an almost limitless number of users.
5 Conclusion
This paper introduces an innovative approach by utilizing the GPRS network as a remote wireless data communication platform. Leveraging general wireless packet services, the system combines bus technology or carrier communication to ensure reliable, stable, and real-time data transmission. This approach addresses the shortcomings of previous IC card meters and power line carrier collection products, making substantial advancements in functionality and usability. The system now aligns with modern power industry requirements for efficient and effective power supply management.
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