If you're thinking about purchasing a mid-to-high-end TV, chances are you've encountered Dolby Vision and Dolby Atmos. As High Dynamic Range (HDR) became a major trend in flat-screen TVs, these two new video standards quickly gained prominence. This year's flagship TV models have embraced support for both, with Dolby Vision HDR emerging as a standard feature in premium televisions.
Most people associate Dolby with superior sound quality, like Dolby Surround. But Dolby also plays a significant role in enhancing picture quality and delivering a cinema-like experience. Dolby provides numerous sound and picture technologies for commercial cinemas, home theaters, and even regular flat-screen TVs and speakers.
HDR's highest standard, Dolby Vision, enhances the TV's brightness dynamic range, revealing more details in both bright and dark areas of the image. HDR has given rise to three formats: HDR-10, Dolby Vision, and HLG. Dolby Vision debuted at CES 2014 and was the first external technical specification for high-dynamic range imagery. However, HDR-10 was the first to hit the market. It wasn't until 2016 that LG and Samsung's flagship TVs began supporting both. HLG, the third HDR technology, was jointly developed by the UK's BBC and Japan's NHK, primarily targeting the video broadcasting industry with limited bandwidth.
Both Dolby Vision and HDR-10 store HDR extension information in metadata, mapping it onto an SDR model for display on the TV screen. The key difference lies in how metadata is handled—HDR-10 uses static metadata, whereas Dolby Vision dynamically adjusts metadata on a per-frame basis. Unlike the other two, HLG combines SDR and HDR signals without metadata.
Dolby Vision stands out in the entertainment industry. While HDR-10 and HLG are limited to TV broadcasts, Dolby Vision extends beyond TVs to include theaters. Dolby Cinema has already surpassed IMAX in popularity.
HDR-10 shares the same core technology as Dolby Vision, which is backward-compatible with HDR-10. However, the reverse isn’t true. In terms of brightness, color, and other parameters, they don't differ significantly. HDR-10 supports 10-bit color depth, while Dolby Vision supports up to 12-bit, offering better picture layering and detail.
Additionally, Dolby Vision offers higher brightness. The human eye can perceive a brightness range of up to 10^5 cd/m². The closer a TV’s peak brightness gets to this value, the more pronounced the HDR effect becomes. It also provides richer color volume: high brightness combined with a wide color gamut and deep color depth creates a more three-dimensional color expression, making extreme brightness conditions more vivid, such as the vibrant colors of fireworks or the city skyline at night. Normal brightness also shows richer color layers.
Surround Sound with Dolby Atmos
Earlier this year, LG unveiled the world's first OLED TV featuring both Dolby Vision and Dolby Atmos. Its impressive audio performance was remarkable. This marked the first time Dolby Atmos technology appeared on a TV.
Prior to this, you may have experienced Dolby Atmos in cinemas. Unlike traditional 5.1 or 7.1 theaters, Dolby Atmos provides smoother, denser, and more immersive surround sound effects, allowing viewers to enjoy movies more deeply and appreciate the director’s creative intentions, gaining more enjoyment.
With Dolby Atmos, dialogue has a sense of direction, and various sound effects come from different heights around you, as if you were in a real scene. For instance, if there’s a bird flying left and right in the picture, even with your eyes closed, you can clearly feel the birds flying overhead. Precise sound field positioning is Dolby Atmos' greatest unique skill.
Today, this technology enables home environments to experience cinematic effects. Later, some internet TV manufacturers and domestic TV brands also incorporated this technology into their TVs. However, home Atmos differs slightly from its theatrical counterpart. The cinema Atmos system is based on a 9.1-channel basic audio track and 128 effect audio tracks for real-time mixing, while the home Atmos system relies on a 7.1-channel basic audio track and 24.1.10 audio spatial information synthesis.
What hardware facilities does Dolby Atmos require? The main difference between current theater Dolby Atmos systems, which evolved from 5.1 to 7.1, is the addition of two ceiling-mounted speakers to the left, right, front, and rear. Each speaker operates independently, giving sound a directional sense. Only Dolby Atmos can create effects like an aircraft flying overhead.
Few people in home settings install ceiling speakers. How does home Atmos achieve top sound? A pair of speakers with elevation design transmits top sounds via the ceiling to the audience’s ears. Thus, creating Dolby Atmos at home suggests you’ll need a lot of speakers. Typically, home Atmos requires nearly 10 speakers.
Although Dolby Vision and Dolby Atmos offer excellent auditory experiences, their widespread adoption is still a ways off, much like 3D movies. First, in terms of filming techniques, creators must leverage the expressive features of this technology creatively. Second, the popularity of hardware devices in theaters or homes. Third, during the early stages of marketization, it's understandable that many film and TV companies might charge higher prices for Dolby Vision and Dolby Atmos simply to attract attention. Hopefully, the day when we can experience the closest cinematic reality will come soon.
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