LED lamp headlights have finally entered the market prospects for production cars after years of technical verification and concept car display. The iconic event is: Cadillac Escalade Platinum new, becoming the first in the industry The first production model with LEDs as the full source of the near/far beam of the headlamps.
Toyota's Lexus LS600h is the world's first production car with LED headlights, but it only uses LEDs for short-range light, and the remote source is still halogen. The headlamp assembly with two light sources is supplied by a small brake light.
Audi also announced that it will install an illumination system with LED as a single light source on the R8 sports car. This will definitely push the LED into the technical hall of the automotive lighting field.
Obstructing the LED light source to quickly develop the disadvantages of the automotive market
Does the above-mentioned milestone event mean that LED headlamps will immediately become the innovation technology in the field of mastering vehicle light sources? According to experts, it may not. Because even if the cost of LEDs can continue to decline at the foreseeable rate of Moore's Law, it will take years to reach the same price as HID (high-intensity discharge) xenon lamps; and the cost of the LED family should be reduced. Compared with halogen lamps, it takes a long time.
According to Hella's president Fischer, the size of automotive LEDs currently accounts for only a small percentage of the light source market, so it is aimed at high-volume models (such as the GM/Chevrolet Malibu models). The matching supply is extremely interesting. However, LEDs have to overcome a series of technical and cost challenges in order to achieve the same high-volume supply level as the Malibu models, at least for a decade.
Visteon pointed out that the pace of LED entry into the market is indeed slower than originally expected. In 2004, we predicted that LED lights would soon be blown into the market and HID would be eliminated. Obviously, the current situation is not the case, although it has been expected that LED technology can evolve faster than reality. It seems that high cost is not the only factor that hinders the LED market, and there are still challenges in technical performance that need to be overcome. For example, in the case of a single light source, the illumination intensity of the LED is still insufficient. If the single point is not bright enough, it is difficult to achieve the following wishful thinking: reducing the number of LED light sources constituting the combined luminaire will help to reduce the space occupied by the automobile luminaire and be easy to flexibly arrange, and simplify the wiring and installation of the lighting system and reduce the production cost.
The current mainstream of the LED supply chain is: Hella's LED light source components for the GM Cadillac Escalade model are purchased from Osram, while Koito's LEDs use Nichia's light source products for Toyota. The LS600h model; Philip Lumileds supplies LED light sources to AL (Automotive Lighting), which in turn configures the Audi R8 with a light system. According to Koito's manager of the European and American operations department, we will not be able to customize the type of light source and its sourcing company, regardless of who is producing it (Philips, Osram, or Toyota Gosei). Obviously, the first-tier suppliers of lighting system components are trying to maintain the flexibility of their own procurement of light source components, and want to take the opportunity to observe: which light source device manufacturers' product technology can be the fastest and most cost-effective.
Today's LED batch products have a photoelectric conversion (light energy density) of 40 lumens per watt (40 lm/W), while HID lamps are 90 lm/W and halogen lamps are 201 m/W. According to Hella, the latest LED prototype is up to 130lm/W. Hella also predicts that LED light intensity from the same power-consuming silicon will increase by 50% in the next 3-5 years. This not only means that LED luminaires will be brighter, but also reflects the reduction in energy consumption, thereby improving the fuel economy of the vehicle.
It is estimated that replacing halogen lamps with LEDs can increase the vehicle's mpg (miles per gallon of fuel) index by about 0.25. When the regulations for daylighting driving in Europe are implemented, the mpg lifting value can be increased to 0.5. Lexus's model manager pointed out that the application of LED lamps will greatly contribute to the improvement of fuel economy of the whole vehicle.
However, LEDs with higher light density also emit more heat, and the compact arrangement of the lamps makes the area for heat dissipation to be true. The low-energy LED devices in the semiconductor category are more likely to generate heat than halogen lamps or HID lamps. Much less, but most of the latter's heat is generated outside the fixture, while LEDs have low power consumption and low heat but are conducted by squeezing heat into tiny silicon wafers.
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