Xinjiang is sparsely populated and has sufficient sunshine hours. The main crops are mainly cotton, supplemented by other crops. The land is alkaline, and the crops are usually planted alternately every year to improve the land composition. This year, the headache of Xinjiang farmers occurred: in the critical period of wheat grouting, wheat rust broke out on a large scale, the outbreak cycle was short, and the development was rapid, which caused a small area of ​​wheat to be produced in a short time.
What is wheat rust? Wheat rust is caused by the disease of S. solani, which is divided into strip rust, leaf rust and stem rust due to different types of pathogens. The three rust symptoms can be distinguished according to the shape, size, color location and arrangement of the urediospores and spore piles. The main parts of wheat stripe rust and leaf rust are leaves. The stems of wheat stem rust are mainly stems and sheaths. The image of the masses distinguishes three kinds of rusts: “The strips are rusted, the leaves are rusted, and the stems are rusted into a large red spot. â€
The difference in resistance to wheat rust among wheat varieties is significant. If the main wheat varieties grown in the area are not suitable for local pathogens, that is, wheat is resistant to rust, it can resist its epidemic. Environmental conditions (mainly field climate) are important factors affecting the prevalence of wheat rust. The high temperature in spring, the rain, and the large temperature difference in the field are conducive to the infestation of rust. Conversely, rust is not easy to occur. According to the experience of wheat rust prevention and treatment, it is generally divided into three steps: (1) eradicating weeds, applying enough base fertilizer, applying topdressing early, increasing phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and applying grass ash and potassium fertilizer from tillering to jointing stage, spraying phosphate fertilizer from jointing to heading stage. Increase the disease resistance of plants. (2) Chemical dressing is an important means to control the amount of bacteria. Seed dressing can be used with 15% triazolone wettable powder 50g mixed with 50kg of wheat, or 3% difenoconazole suspension seed coating 100g with 30kg, dry and dry. Sowing after. (3) There are many pesticides for controlling wheat rust. At present, the widely used agents are triazolone and tebuconazole suspension.
This year, the remote-controlled aviation plant protection machine became an important force in the Xinjiang Wheat Rust Control Conference. Farmers have obtained a preliminary understanding and affirmation of the drug spraying effect of remote-controlled aviation plant protection machines, and laid the foundation for the promotion and development of remote-controlled aviation plant protection in Xinjiang. Combine with his own field work experience, talk about his own superficial understanding of this battle:
one. The outbreak of wheat rust in Xinjiang is sudden and rapid development. Farmers lack understanding of wheat rust, lack of experience and scientific guidance for the selection of control agents, and unnecessary obstacles to the prevention and control of wheat rust.
two. At present, Xinjiang remote-controlled aviation plant protection personnel lack systematic knowledge of prevention and control, master the control of plant protection machines, and lack understanding and understanding of wheat rust, pharmacy, and plant protection spray systems.
three. In this Xinjiang wheat control battle, the remote-controlled aviation plant protection industry lacked an effective overall planning and unified control of wheat rust.
four. The aviation plant protection team lacks the lack of reasonable supporting facilities and coordinated operations capabilities.
Fives. The natural environment in Xinjiang is harsh, the ultraviolet rays are strong during the day, and the water resources are scarce, which increases the operational procedures of aviation plant protection.
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