Nowadays, there are a lot of electronic gadgets in your hands. From time to time, there are colleagues who run around a variety of chargers. For the big guys like electric cars, because of the different standards of various manufacturers, in fact, all kinds of interfaces coexist, is there any more convenient way to charge a variety of electric vehicles than the same interface standard? This is the wireless charging technology we talked about today.
Q1: What are the methods of wireless charging? What is the principle?
A: Commonly used inductive, resonant and microwave transmission forms, all using the principle of electromagnetic induction
In fact, there are many types of wireless charging that are currently divided, such as inductive, resonant, microwave, etc., but in general, their basic principles are the same, that is, using electromagnetic induction of alternating electromagnetic fields to achieve Wireless transmission of energy.
Inductive radio energy transmission is a relatively mature technology. Many mobile phones are wirelessly charged, and even our common induction cooker is the principle. Since the space of the digital device is small, the receiving coil is small, and the power of the charging device is small, the charging distance is usually close (even if it needs to be in contact with the charging stand), but the relative electromagnetic radiation is also small.
Resonance is a well-known type of charging technology currently being developed by MIT. It is not complicated to say. They use the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction and the principle of resonance to improve the efficiency of wireless charging. The distance of resonant transmission is higher than that of ordinary induction. The farther is, and MIT is currently working on miniaturization – the technical pressure on this is not too great for electric cars that are several meters long.
Microwave transmission has appeared more in science fiction movies or novels. In fact, it is also a good way to transmit wireless power. It is limited by the transmission power and is not practical for large-scale use. The biggest advantage of microwave transmission is that the transmission distance is far, and even the energy transmission between the spacecraft and the ground can be realized. At the same time, directional transmission can be realized (the transmitting antenna has directionality), and the future prospect is worth looking forward to.
Q2: What are the benefits of wireless charging?
A: No need to carry cables, which is conducive to the unification of various interface standards.
The first benefit of wireless charging is that there is no line, it looks like nonsense, but think about the students who are looking for chargers or data lines everywhere, so the real benefits are not nonsense. In addition, the standard of wireless charging in the hardware is easier to unify. After all, it is not easy to convince the manufacturers to unify the wired charging interface. It is more obvious in terms of mobile phones. The chargers are not the same, but wireless. There are only a few types of systems.
Q3: What are the problems to be solved?
A: Transmission efficiency, electromagnetic compatibility are all problems that need to be solved in engineering
Transmission efficiency is a problem faced by all wireless charging. This is especially true for "electric appliances" that charge more power than electric vehicles. First, electric energy is converted into radio waves, and then converted into electric energy by radio waves. Losing a lot of energy - this seems to be somewhat out of place with an electric car that is green and environmentally friendly.
Electromagnetic compatibility is also one of the technical bottlenecks that need to be solved for wireless charging. It is well known that electromagnetic waves are prone to leakage. When high-powered wireless charging devices for vehicles are used, they will also affect surrounding biological and electronic devices, and even endanger human health. Today, it is a very sensitive topic to talk about radiation discoloration. Therefore, how to deal with this aspect is also a problem that needs to be solved in the realization of electric vehicle wireless charging. In the process of car product development, electromagnetic compatibility testing is often performed, and wireless charging technology clearly puts forward higher requirements. Installing a wireless charging device with a closed, automated, intelligent garage is a good way to solve electromagnetic compatibility, but the cost is really high.
In addition, wireless charging will still face problems such as electrical standards, and it needs to be solved by engineers and auto manufacturers. However, after solving key technical problems, these problems will be solved under the general trend.
Summary: Although electric vehicles are still in existence for a long time due to the technical obstacles of key components such as batteries, engineers from various countries have not given up research on related basic technologies. Not long ago, TDK just signed a cooperation agreement with a company affiliated with MIT to continue to promote the development of wireless charging technology, and we will continue to pay attention to the latest developments in new energy technologies.
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