Over the past few years, as environmental protection issues have continued to heat up, various normative standards or organizations that have advertised energy-saving requirements have continued to release updated energy-saving standards. At the same time, commercially available terminal products continue to be under pressure and power consumption continues. The decreasing development trend has become an important standard for commodification at present, and improving energy efficiency is not only the focus of consumers' choice of products, but also the concern of the government, verification units, component companies, and product manufacturers...
Observing the general user's electricity application status, according to statistics, 19% of the world's electricity consumption is used in lighting applications. If effective energy-saving means can be introduced in daily lighting applications, it can produce significant results for global energy consumption. Therefore, in order to create a more environmentally-friendly national image, governments are also actively pursuing the development of lighting energy-saving applications through policies, regulations and industrial counseling.
Differences in light source for general lighting applications affect energy consumption
From the actual lighting application observation, in fact, the general lighting application has a wide range of influences, such as road signs, street lights, environmental landscaping lights, architectural lighting, functional lighting, residential lighting, signal lights, indicator lights, lighting fixtures, There are different application statuses.
For example, high-intensity discharge lamps (HID) and halogen lamps that require high-efficiency and high-brightness lamps are required to achieve high brightness and high illumination. For long-term lighting fixtures in general stores, most of them use fluorescent tubes.
(CompactFluorescentLamp; CFL) lamps, while residential uses incandescent, fluorescent (CFL) or energy-saving bulbs, where incandescent lamps consume the most energy, because a large amount of energy becomes useless heat dissipation during operation, and the life of the lamps is also It will therefore appear shorter than other lamps.
From a specific application point of view, the general lighting market covers a wide range of areas, including building lighting, signs, landscape lighting, retail, signal lights, street lighting and residential lighting. In the general lighting market, currently used light sources include incandescent lamps, compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs), linear fluorescent lamps, high-intensity discharge lamps (HIDs), and novel high-brightness LEDs (HBLEDs).
To discuss the difference in energy conservation, it is necessary to set a systematic and scientific evaluation method for existing lamps. As for measuring the important measurement indicators of lighting, it is the input power ratio and lumens. In terms of performance, the benchmarks per watt are used for benchmarking as an energy efficiency assessment, such as lumens per watt (lm/W) to compare fixture differences.
Examining different lighting schemes, we will find that the energy efficiency of incandescent lamps is poor. Take 60W incandescent lamps as an example. The energy rate of incandescent lamps is relatively low. Compared with CFL fluorescent lamps, the energy consumption performance is relatively weak, because 60W incandescent The energy efficiency of the lamp is about 10 lm / W, which is 50 lm / W compared to the energy efficiency of CFL fluorescent lamps. In contrast, if the object of comparison is HID, if a 100WHID can have 80lm/W, it is equivalent to generating 8,000 lumens of brightness.
In addition, in addition to the difference in the luminous efficacy of the luminaire itself, the luminescent physical properties of the luminaire itself may also affect the efficiency of its practical application. For example, CFL, HID, and incandescent lamps are all omnidirectional, that is, they do not use the back of a bright fixture. The illumination here is completely unprofitable, because the blocks that need to be illuminated may only have limited front of the fixture. In the area, the light shining on the back of the luminaire is equivalent to in vain, but in the luminaire design, the smooth or reflective surface with the highest possible reflection can be adopted, and the light can be effectively concentrated in front of the luminaire through the refraction, but the aging of the luminaire will still be transmitted through the refraction. Or the problem of reducing the refractive efficiency caused by dust, so that the projection path of the light generates a large amount of light energy loss.
LED emerging light source performance and practicality continue to improve
In the past, LEDs were widely used in electronic products for indicative purposes. They are an emerging light source technology. For example, white LEDs are produced by high-performance blue LED phosphor plating to produce an effect similar to white light. Currently, white LEDs are Energy efficiency has made great progress. At present, the research and development performance has reached a high performance of more than 136 lm/W at a color temperature of 4500 to 6000 k.
The characteristic of LED is that it can be an electronic component and device. It does not need a gas discharge type lamp or a fluorescent lamp. It must have a container with a high-pressure gas inside the glass container. The volume is relatively small and does not require special lamps. When used together, the original device itself has metal contacts, which can be soldered and mounted on any surface, and the elasticity is relatively high.
For general life lighting applications, the LED's many features make it an excellent application. These original devices can achieve a very small volume. The direction of illumination can be achieved through the packaging method and the filling method, so that the light source can be concentrated in a single point or It is a one-way radiation, or it is projected toward a fixed range. The accuracy of controlling the light direction is easier to master than the traditional light source, and it is not necessary to rely on the luminaire and the reflective component to achieve the effect.
LED is a solid original device, which is characterized by high physical hardness and strength. It does not have the traditional light source. Because of the relationship between glass products, there will be problems of fear of falling and not withstand impact, and through the mixed fluorescent powder in the filling. Or other materials, can also be made to produce different characteristics of the light source, the most important thing is that the original original device does not contain mercury, plus the life cycle of more than 50,000 hours, compared to the life expectancy of only 1,000 hours, the incandescent LED is relatively long-lived .
LED life lighting drive design challenges
Due to the difference in physical properties of LEDs in the original device, the concept of making a light source system is quite different from the traditional design, and more technical and professional assistance is needed.
1. Power conversion: If the original LED device is not specially made, it is generally a DC drive component, and the general living power source is AC AC power. The AC wall socket must be converted to DC for the application, or the AC LED is selected for the LED. The component effectively converts AC large power into a low-voltage DC power source required by the LED.
2. Drive and control circuit: LED driver needs electronic circuit assistance, which has achieved high efficiency. However, the dimming design of general incandescent lamp must be adjusted by DC power supply control if it is to be realized in LED emerging light source. Complexity is more complex than traditional light sources.
3. Heat treatment: The original LED device is a point light source, and the illumination temperature will be concentrated at a single point, and the components of the original device are designed for heat dissipation enhancement to achieve self-heat dissipation, but the heat source will still be excessively concentrated in the spot position of the lamp. The problem, this is to test the processing power of the junction temperature control, which must be combined with the active/passive heat dissipation design to achieve the purpose of extending the working life of the lamp.
4. Optical Device: Since the LED light source is a compact and high-efficiency point light source, although it has a wide color output control effect and excellent energy efficiency performance, after all, the requirements of the living illumination source require a uniform and stable continuous light type. Illumination, the point source of excessive concentration of LEDs must produce optical performance similar to that of traditional lamps through Optical Devices or lenses and light guiding materials.
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